تجربه زیسته معلمان از عوامل موثر بر شایستگی‌های هیجانی و اجتماعی آنها: یک مطالعه پدیدارشناختی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی تربیتی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

2 عضو هیات علمی دانشکده روانشناسی-دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر بازنمایی ادراک و تجربه زیسته معلمان دربارة عوامل موثر بر شایستگی­های هیجانی و اجتماعی آن‌ها در سال 1401 بود که با استفاده از رویکرد ­کیفی و روش­ پدیدارشناختی از نوع توصیفی انجام گرفت. جامعه پژوهشی مدّ نظر در این مطالعه، شامل کلیه معلمان دوره اول متوسطه در شهر یزد بودند که پژوهشگران با استفاده از روش نمونه­گیری هدفمند 24 معلم (16 نفر زن و 8 نفر مرد) را انتخاب و به مصاحبه با آن­ها پرداختند. داده‌ها با استفاده از مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته جمع­آوری و با کاربرد الگوی کلایزی و روش تحلیل مضمون مورد تجزیه­و­تحلیل قرار گرفتند. تحلیل داده­های به دست­آمده به شناسایی و دسته­بندی ده مضمون اصلی منجر گردید. این مضامین ده­گانه مشتمل بر: هوش­ هیجانی، نگرش ­شغلی، سرمایه­روان‌شناختی، کفایت­های مدیر مدرسه، شرایط خانوادگی، فرایند سیاست­گذاری ­آموزشی، مسائل داخلی سازمان آموزشی، ادراک بی­عدالتی، محدودیت­های فردی و محدودیت­های مربوط به فراگیران است. ناظر بر یافته-های پژوهش می­توان چنین عنوان نمود که شرکت‌کنندگان عوامل متفاوتی را بر شایستگی­های هیجانی ­و ­اجتماعی معلمان موثر می­دانند و این بدان معناست که هرکدام از معلمان با چالش­های متعدد و متفاوتی در امر آموزش و فعالیت­های حرفه­ای خود روبه‌رو هستند و بی‌توجهی به بهبود وضعیت آن­ها می­تواند بر کفایت­ و توانمندی­های هیجانی و اجتماعی آنان تاثیر منفی گذاشته و درآینده­ای نه چندان دور نظام آموزشی و به‌دنبال آن پویایی و بالندگی جامعه را با مخاطرات زیادی همراه سازد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


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