اثربخشی برنامه بازی رفتار خوب بر مشکلات رفتاری دانش‌آموزان با کم‌توانی ذهنی: یک مطالعه تک‌آزمودنی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد روان‌شناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی، دانشکدۀ علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 دانشیار روان‌شناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی، دانشکدۀ علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

10.22099/jsli.2023.7185

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثربخشی برنامه بازی رفتار خوب بر مشکلات رفتاری دانش‌آموزان با کم‌توانی ذهنی بود. شرکت‌کنندگان پژوهش، چهار دانش‌آموز پسر با کم‌توانی ذهنی ۹ تا 13 ساله بودند که از مرکز استثنایی ضمیمه شمیم دیل شهر گچساران در سال تحصیلی ۱۴۰۰-۱۳۹۹ انتخاب شدند. طرح پژوهش تک‌آزمودنی از نوع ملاک متغیربود. شرکت‌کنندگان طی شانزده جلسه در مرحله خط پایه مشاهده شدند؛ سپس هریک از آن‌ها در شانزده جلسه مورد مداخله بازی رفتار خوب قرار گرفت. در این مرحله با توجه به طرح ملاک متغیر، شانزده جلسه مداخله به چهار ملاک تقسیم گردید که هر ملاک شامل چهار جلسه از مداخله بود. ملاک‌ها نشان‌دهندة میزان تغییرات مشکلات رفتاری هریک از آزمودنی‌ها بودند. در نهایت، همة آزمودنی‌ها به مدت یک هفته مورد پیگیری قرار گرفتند. لازم به ذکر است تمام جلسات ضبط ویدئویی شدند. نتایج تجزیه‌و‌تحلیل آماری و دیداری نشان داد که با اجرای بازی رفتار خوب، مشکلات رفتاری آزمودنی‌ها کاهش یافته است و بررسی اندازه اثر به روش درصد داده‌های بیشتر از روند میانه نیز نشان داد که درصد اثربخشی در هر چهار آزمودنی صددرصد است. در نتیجه می‌توان گفت برنامه بازی رفتار خوب، راهبردی مؤثر برای کاهش مشکلات رفتاری دانش‌آموزان با کم‌توانی ذهنی است.

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