بررسی تجربة زیسته معلمان و دانش‌آموزان دوره ابتدایی شادگان از مشکلات دوزبانگی دانش‌آموزان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد بوشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بوشهر، ایران.

2 کارشناس ارشد تاریخ و فلسفه آموزش‌و‌پرورش گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد بوشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بوشهر، ایران.

10.22099/jsli.2023.6952

چکیده

هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی تجربة زیسته معلمان و دانش‌آموزان دوره ابتدایی شادگان از مشکلات دوزبانگی دانش‌آموزان در سال 1400 بود. در این پژوهش از رویکرد کیفی و راهبرد پدیدارشناسی توصیفی استفاده شد. جامعه تحقیق را کلیه معلمان و دانش‌آموزان مدارس شادگان (استان خوزستان)  تشکیل دادند. روش انتخاب مشارکت‌کنندگان هدفمند بود و نمونه‌گیری تا زمان رسیدن به اشباع ادامه یافت. این تعداد شامل 6 معلم (3 زن و 3 مرد)  و 6 دانش­آموز (3 دختر و 3 پسر) دوزبانه در دوره ابتدایی بود. جهت تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده­ها از روش تحلیل کلایزی استفاده شد که شامل هفت مرحله بود. یافته­ها چهار مضمون اصلی را به دست داد که هر کدام شامل تعدادی مضامین فرعی بودند. مضمون اول مسائل و مشکلات روان‌شناختی با درون‌مایه‌های فرعی احساس حقارت و ناامیدی و تجربه سردردگمی و ابهام بود. مضمون دوم مسائل زبانی با درون‌مایه‌های فرعی عدم‌ادراک و فهمیدن مطالب آموزشی و مشکل در خواندن و نوشتن بود. مضمون سوم مسائل تحصیلی- آموزشی با درون‌مایه‌های فرعی افت و کاهش پیشرفت تحصیلی و افزایش مسئولیت­های معلمان بود و چهارمین مضمون عوامل ساختاری و محیطی با درون‌مایه­های فرعی عوامل اقتصادی و محیطی، عدم‌سازگاری شیوه ارزشیابی با توانایی دانش­آموزان دوزبانه و کمبود مهارت­های زبانی خانواده‌های دوزبانه بود. نتیجه اینکه تجربة زیسته معلمان و دانش­آموزان ابتدایی از مشکلات دوزبانگی یک تجربه چندبُعدی از مسائل روان‌شناختی، زبانی، ساختاری و محیطی است که به نظر می‌رسد برای بهبود آن لازم است همکاری‌های فرهنگی خانواده‌ها در سطح گسترده‌تری جلب گردد.

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